خودکارآمدی کارآفرینانه، ویژگی‌های جمعیت‌شناختی و تمایل کارآفرینانه‌ی دانشجویان کشاورزی: کاربست دیدگاه مبتنی بر منابع

نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی

نویسنده

استادیار، گروه علوم کشاورزی، دانشگاه پیام نور، تهران، ایران، صندوق پستی 4697-19395

چکیده

هدف این پژوهش بررسی نقش برخی از مهم‌ترین ویژگی‌های جمعیت‌شناختی و خودکارآمدی کارآفرینانه بر تمایل کارآفرینانه‌ی دانشجویان کشاورزی دانشگاه رازی کرمانشاه با کاربست دیدگاه مبتنی بر منابع بود (1439 =N). حجم نمونه با استفاده از فرمول کوکران، 178 نفر تعیین و با استفاده از روش نمونه‌گیری طبقه‌ای انتساب متناسب (بر اساس جنسیت) انتخاب شدند. ابزار گردآوری داده‌ها پرسشنامه‌ای محقق ساخته در سه بخش بود که روایی و پایایی آن به ترتیب از طریق محاسبه‌ی نسبت روایی محتوا (75/0 ≤ CVR) و ضریب آلفای کرونباخ تأیید شد (74/0 ≤ α). داده‌ها در محیط نرم‌افزارهای Excel 2013 و SPSS Ver.22 مورد تجزیه و تحلیل قرار گرفتند. یافته‌ها نشان داد که علیرغم بالاتر بودن تمایل کارآفرینانه‌ی دانشجویان پسر نسبت به دختران، تفاوت معنی‌داری بین آنها وجود ندارد. اما این تفاوت بر اساس متغیرهای محل سکونت و وضعیت تأهل در سطح پنج درصد خطا معنی‌دار بود. برونداد آزمون تحلیل واریانس تک متغیره نشان داد که منابع مالی تأثیر معنی‌داری بر افزایش تمایل کارآفرینانه‌ی دانشجویان کشاورزی ندارد اما اثر تعاملی آن با خودکارآمدی کارآفرینانه، تأثیر معنی‌داری در سطح پنج درصد خطا بر تمایل کارآفرینانه‌ی دانشجویان دارد. به عبارت دیگر، با افزایش هم‌زمان سطح خودکارآمدی کارآفرینانه‌ی دانشجویان و منابع مالی آنها تمایل کارآفرینانه‌ی آنان نیز به‌طور معنی‌داری بهبود می‌یابد.

کلیدواژه‌ها

عنوان مقاله [English]

Entrepreneurial self-efficacy, socio-cultural characteristics and agricultural students' entrepreneurial intention: application of resources-based view

نویسنده [English]

  • Zahra Korani
Assistant professor, Department of Agricultural Sciences, Payame Noor University, Tehran, Iran, P.OBox. 19395 – 4697.
چکیده [English]

The purpose of the study was to analyzing the effect of most important socio-cultural characteristics and as well as entrepreneurial self-efficacy on students' entrepreneurial intention considering resources-based view in Razi university (N = 1439). 178 students were selected as statistical sample using stratified sampling method (based on the gender) and Cochran's formula. The main tool of data gathering was a researcher-made questioner which its validity and reliability were confirmed using Content Validity Ratio (CVR≥ 0.75) and Cronbach alpha (α≥ 0.74). Data were analyzed using Excel 2013 and SPSS Ver.22 software. Findings showed that despite the male students have higher entrepreneurial intention than females, no significant difference was observed between them. However, this difference based on the variables of residence and marital status was significant. Univariate analyses of variance indicated that students' financial resources don't have significant effect on their entrepreneurial intention. However, when considering its interaction effect alongside self-efficacy, this effect becomes significant. In other word, by simultaneously increasing the level of entrepreneurial self-efficacy of students and their financial resources, their entrepreneurial intention also improves significantly.

کلیدواژه‌ها [English]

  • Entrepreneurial intention
  • Entrepreneurial self-efficacy
  • Resources-based view
  • Razi university

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