Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesJournal of Studies in Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Agricultural Development2821-097212320251122Investigating the effect of entrepreneurship education on social entrepreneurship intention with the mediating role of entrepreneurial social network
(Case study: Students of Payam Noor University of Golestan Province)Investigating the effect of entrepreneurship education on social entrepreneurship intention with the mediating role of entrepreneurial social network
(Case study: Students of Payam Noor University of Golestan Province)120748110.22069/jead.2025.23669.1908FABitaTabatabaeeamidDepartment of Management, Accounting and Economics, Payame Noor University, Tehran, IranJournal Article20250517One of the important goals of universities is to prepare students to play an effective role in working life. Therefore, education researchers believe that educating students in the field of entrepreneurship can help solve the problem of graduate unemployment.<br />Despite the importance of social entrepreneurship today, research findings show that a small percentage of students engage in social entrepreneurial activities, so it is essential to identify factors affecting social entrepreneurship intention. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of entrepreneurship education on social entrepreneurship intention with the mediating role of the social network of entrepreneurship. This study is applied in terms of its purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of its nature and method, and is of a correlational type. The statistical population of the study included 5000 students of Payam Noor University of Golestan Province, the sample size was determined as 357 people according to the Krejci and Morgan table, and the simple random method was used for sampling. Data analysis was performed using the structural equation method with Smart pls3 software. The results of the research on students of Payam Noor University in Golestan Province showed that entrepreneurship education has a significant effect on students' entrepreneurial social network. Entrepreneurship social network has a significant effect on students' social entrepreneurship intention. Entrepreneurship education has a significant effect on students' social entrepreneurship intention. Entrepreneurship education has a significant effect on students' social entrepreneurship intention with the mediating role of students' entrepreneurial social network.One of the important goals of universities is to prepare students to play an effective role in working life. Therefore, education researchers believe that educating students in the field of entrepreneurship can help solve the problem of graduate unemployment.<br />Despite the importance of social entrepreneurship today, research findings show that a small percentage of students engage in social entrepreneurial activities, so it is essential to identify factors affecting social entrepreneurship intention. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of entrepreneurship education on social entrepreneurship intention with the mediating role of the social network of entrepreneurship. This study is applied in terms of its purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of its nature and method, and is of a correlational type. The statistical population of the study included 5000 students of Payam Noor University of Golestan Province, the sample size was determined as 357 people according to the Krejci and Morgan table, and the simple random method was used for sampling. Data analysis was performed using the structural equation method with Smart pls3 software. The results of the research on students of Payam Noor University in Golestan Province showed that entrepreneurship education has a significant effect on students' entrepreneurial social network. Entrepreneurship social network has a significant effect on students' social entrepreneurship intention. Entrepreneurship education has a significant effect on students' social entrepreneurship intention. Entrepreneurship education has a significant effect on students' social entrepreneurship intention with the mediating role of students' entrepreneurial social network.https://jead.gau.ac.ir/article_7481_f9aa2018d4cae98a905cb9cbf2b72b89.pdfGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesJournal of Studies in Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Agricultural Development2821-097212320251122Supply chain modeling of perishable agricultural productsSupply chain modeling of perishable agricultural products2138738810.22069/jead.2025.23689.1910FASeyede TinaMortazaviniaDepartment of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, IranAlirezaKarbasiDepartment of Agricultural Economics, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Ferdowsi University, Mashhad, IranJournal Article20250523In the supply chain of agricultural products, due to their high perishability and significant waste, achieving profitability, maintaining product freshness, and reducing waste are among the main challenges. Aiming to improve the sustainability of such a chain, this research presents a multi-objective optimization model that simultaneously pursues three goals, maximizing profit, reducing waste, and increasing product freshness. To solve this model, the lexicographic goal programming approach and the ɛ constraint method have been used to enable prioritization of objectives and comprehensive analysis of multi-objective efficiency fronts. The proposed model was selected using field data from a farm in Khorasan Razavi Province as a representative of producers of perishable products, including tomato, cucumber, eggplant, lettuce, and cauliflower, and analyzes different financing scenarios, economic, environmental and quality dimensions of the supply chain in an integrated manner. The results show that designing and implementing targeted financing programs can be effective in improving these goals and reducing environmental consequences caused by waste and chain inefficiency. Sensitivity analysis was also conducted for the selling price of tomatoes, and the impact of price changes on profitability, waste and product freshness was examined, showing that the selling price of tomatoes has a significant impact on supply chain profits, and price improvements can help increase profits, but at the same time may also lead to increased waste. Therefore, supply chain managers are advised to implement balanced strategies to manage waste and maintain product freshness to optimize this chain, especially in conditions of price fluctuations.In the supply chain of agricultural products, due to their high perishability and significant waste, achieving profitability, maintaining product freshness, and reducing waste are among the main challenges. Aiming to improve the sustainability of such a chain, this research presents a multi-objective optimization model that simultaneously pursues three goals, maximizing profit, reducing waste, and increasing product freshness. To solve this model, the lexicographic goal programming approach and the ɛ constraint method have been used to enable prioritization of objectives and comprehensive analysis of multi-objective efficiency fronts. The proposed model was selected using field data from a farm in Khorasan Razavi Province as a representative of producers of perishable products, including tomato, cucumber, eggplant, lettuce, and cauliflower, and analyzes different financing scenarios, economic, environmental and quality dimensions of the supply chain in an integrated manner. The results show that designing and implementing targeted financing programs can be effective in improving these goals and reducing environmental consequences caused by waste and chain inefficiency. Sensitivity analysis was also conducted for the selling price of tomatoes, and the impact of price changes on profitability, waste and product freshness was examined, showing that the selling price of tomatoes has a significant impact on supply chain profits, and price improvements can help increase profits, but at the same time may also lead to increased waste. Therefore, supply chain managers are advised to implement balanced strategies to manage waste and maintain product freshness to optimize this chain, especially in conditions of price fluctuations.Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesJournal of Studies in Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Agricultural Development2821-097212320251122Scientometric Analysis of Innovation Management Trends in Digital AgricultureScientometric Analysis of Innovation Management Trends in Digital Agriculture3954752510.22069/jead.2025.23699.1913FASeyed KamalSadeghiDepartment of Economic Development and Planning, Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.Ameera AliKadhimDepartment of Development Economics and Planning, Faculty of Economics and Management, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran.Journal Article20250530Digitalization is emerging as a key factor in transforming production processes and innovation in agriculture, particularly in the realm of digital agriculture. This research analyzes the trends in innovation management within digital agriculture. Its objective is to identify patterns, opportunities, and research threats in this field. To achieve this, published data from the Scopus database from 2000 to 2025 has been examined. The bibliometric tool VOSviewer version 1.6.20 was used for data analysis. In this study, 1,247 articles were selected as the statistical population. Based on the results, the number of articles published in this area has been continuously increasing, with approximately 49.4% of the articles published in the period from 2020 to 2025. This study also identifies the main keywords in this field, showing that “precision agriculture,” with 62 occurrences and a connection strength of 160, holds the highest significance. Four main clusters have been identified, including emerging technologies in agriculture, sustainability and climate change, digital economy, and innovation and entrepreneurship. The United States and the United Kingdom are recognized as the primary countries for scientific research and innovation, while China and India have emerged as active players in this domain. The results of this research emphasize the necessity for increased investment in new technologies and the development of effective strategies to advance digital agriculture and achieve sustainability.Digitalization is emerging as a key factor in transforming production processes and innovation in agriculture, particularly in the realm of digital agriculture. This research analyzes the trends in innovation management within digital agriculture. Its objective is to identify patterns, opportunities, and research threats in this field. To achieve this, published data from the Scopus database from 2000 to 2025 has been examined. The bibliometric tool VOSviewer version 1.6.20 was used for data analysis. In this study, 1,247 articles were selected as the statistical population. Based on the results, the number of articles published in this area has been continuously increasing, with approximately 49.4% of the articles published in the period from 2020 to 2025. This study also identifies the main keywords in this field, showing that “precision agriculture,” with 62 occurrences and a connection strength of 160, holds the highest significance. Four main clusters have been identified, including emerging technologies in agriculture, sustainability and climate change, digital economy, and innovation and entrepreneurship. The United States and the United Kingdom are recognized as the primary countries for scientific research and innovation, while China and India have emerged as active players in this domain. The results of this research emphasize the necessity for increased investment in new technologies and the development of effective strategies to advance digital agriculture and achieve sustainability.https://jead.gau.ac.ir/article_7525_6726ed280fe14a57174d0109084add60.pdfGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesJournal of Studies in Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Agricultural Development2821-097212320251122Analyzing the factors affecting the development of honey production start-ups and businesses in Ardabil provinceAnalyzing the factors affecting the development of honey production start-ups and businesses in Ardabil province5568631410.22069/jead.2023.21062.1703FAAzadehZirakDepartment of Entrepreneurship, Aliabad Katoul Branch, Islamic Azad University, Aliabad Katoul, Iran.HadiSnaeepourDepartment of Management, Faculty of Humanities,, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, IranAbdolghaniRastegarDepartment of Management, Faculty of Humanities, Gonbad Kavous University, Gonbad Kavous, IranMohammadbagherGorjiDepartment of Management , Aliabad Katoul Branch,, Islamic Azad University,, Aliabad Katoul, Iran.Journal Article20230216Businesses based on beekeeping and honey production are one of the important production sectors in the country as well as one of the axes of agricultural entrepreneurship, recently they have received attention in most regions of the country. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the factors affecting the development of honey production businesses in Ardabil province, through a survey strategy and using a questionnaire.Entrepreneurs and business owners in the field of honey production in Ardabil province formed the statistical population of the research. Using Morgan's Krejci table and multi-stage sampling method, 367 people were selected to complete the researcher-made questionnaire as a research tool. Using Lisrel software, the collected data were analyzed through exploratory factor analysis and Wilcoxon test. In total, the factor analysis of 32 items related to the development of honey production business has led to the extraction of five factors:Marketing and sales components, institutional support components, technical knowledge components, educational and promotional components, and service and infrastructure components. These five factors have been able to explain 22.17, 18.52, 11.17, 10.95 and 9.62 percent of the variance of the components, respectively. The results of the Wilcoxon test showed that the items of identifying export markets and facilitating exports in order to achieve a higher economic value of production, creating a global brand for the honey product produced in the region and effective and step-by-step monitoring and legal dealings with fake honey producers have The biggest differences are in the existing and desirable conditions.Businesses based on beekeeping and honey production are one of the important production sectors in the country as well as one of the axes of agricultural entrepreneurship, recently they have received attention in most regions of the country. This research was conducted with the aim of analyzing the factors affecting the development of honey production businesses in Ardabil province, through a survey strategy and using a questionnaire.Entrepreneurs and business owners in the field of honey production in Ardabil province formed the statistical population of the research. Using Morgan's Krejci table and multi-stage sampling method, 367 people were selected to complete the researcher-made questionnaire as a research tool. Using Lisrel software, the collected data were analyzed through exploratory factor analysis and Wilcoxon test. In total, the factor analysis of 32 items related to the development of honey production business has led to the extraction of five factors:Marketing and sales components, institutional support components, technical knowledge components, educational and promotional components, and service and infrastructure components. These five factors have been able to explain 22.17, 18.52, 11.17, 10.95 and 9.62 percent of the variance of the components, respectively. The results of the Wilcoxon test showed that the items of identifying export markets and facilitating exports in order to achieve a higher economic value of production, creating a global brand for the honey product produced in the region and effective and step-by-step monitoring and legal dealings with fake honey producers have The biggest differences are in the existing and desirable conditions.https://jead.gau.ac.ir/article_6314_187538e4fbb37efdfcb199cafb14f425.pdfGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesJournal of Studies in Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Agricultural Development2821-097212320251122Developing a Framework for Entrepreneurial Export of Greenhouse ProductsDeveloping a Framework for Entrepreneurial Export of Greenhouse Products6984750610.22069/jead.2025.23811.1919FAVahidSharafiDepartment of Management, Faculty of Management and Accounting, Hazrat Masoumeh University, Qom, Iran.Journal Article20250627Entrepreneurial export of greenhouse products constitutes a significant part of the agricultural economy, driven by the increasing demand for fresh and sustainable products in international markets. The main objective of the present research is to propose a framework for the entrepreneurial export of greenhouse products. This study is applied in nature and qualifies as qualitative research in terms of methodology. The geographical scope of the research is the city of Ilam, and the study was conducted during the first quarter of 2025. The statistical population of this research includes academic experts, researchers familiar with the subject, and owners of exporting greenhouses in Ilam province. For sample selection, snowball sampling was employed, continuing until theoretical saturation was reached, resulting in a final participation of 14 individuals. The primary data collection tool used in the research was semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. The results of the study indicated that the framework for the entrepreneurial export of greenhouse products consists of 63 basic themes, 19 organizing themes, and 8 overarching themes. The eight main factors in this framework are: infrastructure development, development of greenhouse complexes, international marketing and branding development, improvement of transportation infrastructure, greenhouse-centric entrepreneurship, internal resources and capacities, supportive environment and facilitation of exports, and strategic control. This proposed framework could provide a basis for decision-makers and stakeholders in the greenhouse sector to identify influential factors and coordinate among them, enabling more effective steps towards sustainable and entrepreneurial development of greenhouse product exports.Entrepreneurial export of greenhouse products constitutes a significant part of the agricultural economy, driven by the increasing demand for fresh and sustainable products in international markets. The main objective of the present research is to propose a framework for the entrepreneurial export of greenhouse products. This study is applied in nature and qualifies as qualitative research in terms of methodology. The geographical scope of the research is the city of Ilam, and the study was conducted during the first quarter of 2025. The statistical population of this research includes academic experts, researchers familiar with the subject, and owners of exporting greenhouses in Ilam province. For sample selection, snowball sampling was employed, continuing until theoretical saturation was reached, resulting in a final participation of 14 individuals. The primary data collection tool used in the research was semi-structured interviews. The data were analyzed using thematic analysis techniques. The results of the study indicated that the framework for the entrepreneurial export of greenhouse products consists of 63 basic themes, 19 organizing themes, and 8 overarching themes. The eight main factors in this framework are: infrastructure development, development of greenhouse complexes, international marketing and branding development, improvement of transportation infrastructure, greenhouse-centric entrepreneurship, internal resources and capacities, supportive environment and facilitation of exports, and strategic control. This proposed framework could provide a basis for decision-makers and stakeholders in the greenhouse sector to identify influential factors and coordinate among them, enabling more effective steps towards sustainable and entrepreneurial development of greenhouse product exports.https://jead.gau.ac.ir/article_7506_36e273ff6913f7c50cd0388165694350.pdfGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesJournal of Studies in Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Agricultural Development2821-097212320251122Examining the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and business success of production cooperativesExamining the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior and business success of production cooperatives85111752410.22069/jead.2023.21297.1717FANoyanNaimianPhD Student in Economic Sociology and Development, Faculty of Humanities, Ashtian Branch, Islamic Azad University, Ashtian, Iran.AliRoshanaiDepartment of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Ashtian Branch, Iranاسدی داود آبادیAsadi DavoudabadiDepartment of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Ashtian Branch, IranOmidAli AhmadiDepartment of Sociology, Faculty of Humanities, Islamic Azad University, Ashtian Branch, IranJournal Article20230425The success of cooperative businesses depends on behaviors beyond the formal duties of members, which enhance the organization's effectiveness. These behaviors play a key role in developing a new agricultural system and empowering rural communities. In this context, the present study investigates the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and the success of rural production cooperatives in Golestan Province. This research is descriptive and survey-based, with a population of 19,612 members from 48 active rural production cooperatives. Using the Krejcie-Morgan table, a random stratified sample of 377 individuals was selected. The main data collection tool was a questionnaire with content validity verified by experts. Furthermore, the Average Variance Extracted (AVE) and Composite Reliability (CR) indices showed appropriate convergent validity and reliability of the tool. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS25, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to determine the relationship between variables through Smart PLS3 software. The results indicated a significant positive relationship between membership duration in the cooperative and the age of individuals with organizational citizenship behavior. Additionally, there were significant differences in organizational citizenship behavior based on gender, marital status, participation in training courses, and education level. The findings revealed that organizational citizenship behavior, with a path coefficient of 0.451, had a positive and significant impact on the success of rural production cooperatives. Based on these findings, suggestions were provided to strengthen and improve the performance of rural production cooperatives through organizational citizenship behavior.The success of cooperative businesses depends on behaviors beyond the formal duties of members, which enhance the organization's effectiveness. These behaviors play a key role in developing a new agricultural system and empowering rural communities. In this context, the present study investigates the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) and the success of rural production cooperatives in Golestan Province. This research is descriptive and survey-based, with a population of 19,612 members from 48 active rural production cooperatives. Using the Krejcie-Morgan table, a random stratified sample of 377 individuals was selected. The main data collection tool was a questionnaire with content validity verified by experts. Furthermore, the Average Variance Extracted (AVE) and Composite Reliability (CR) indices showed appropriate convergent validity and reliability of the tool. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS25, and Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was employed to determine the relationship between variables through Smart PLS3 software. The results indicated a significant positive relationship between membership duration in the cooperative and the age of individuals with organizational citizenship behavior. Additionally, there were significant differences in organizational citizenship behavior based on gender, marital status, participation in training courses, and education level. The findings revealed that organizational citizenship behavior, with a path coefficient of 0.451, had a positive and significant impact on the success of rural production cooperatives. Based on these findings, suggestions were provided to strengthen and improve the performance of rural production cooperatives through organizational citizenship behavior.https://jead.gau.ac.ir/article_7524_89038206946541855a1d2f073e6f7e06.pdfGorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural ResourcesJournal of Studies in Entrepreneurship and Sustainable Agricultural Development2821-097212320251122Barriers to the Establishment of Rural Micro-Enterprises: A Study of Rural Women in Kermanshah ProvinceBarriers to the Establishment of Rural Micro-Enterprises: A Study of Rural Women in Kermanshah Province113132752610.22069/jead.2025.22835.1857FAMozhdehKetabiDepartment of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture,, Bu- Ali Sina University, Hamedan, IranSaeedKarimiDepartment of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, Iran0009-0008-5884-2784RezaMovahediDepartment of Agricultural Extension and Education, Faculty of Agriculture, Bu-Ali Sina University, Hamedan, IranJournal Article20241003Micro-enterprises provide a significant opportunity for empowering rural women and facilitating their entry into the job market, thereby contributing to household livelihood and poverty reduction within rural areas. For this reason, strengthening small businesses among rural women is of paramount importance as an effective strategy for increasing employment and reducing unemployment. Consequently, the present study was conducted to identify the barriers to micro-enterprises for rural women in Kermanshah Province, using a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews served as the data collection tool for this research. Data analysis was performed through qualitative content analysis, based on the textual analysis of interviews with 14 rural women who either currently operate micro-enterprises or are in the process of establishing them. Participants were selected using a snowball sampling method. The results revealed that the main barriers to establishing micro-enterprises for rural women in Kermanshah Province can be categorized into eight groups. These barriers based on the highest percentages associated with the most frequently occurring codes were respectively: cultural and social barriers (16.7%), financial and economic barriers (14.1%), and policy and legal barriers (13.3%), governmental and institutional barriers (12.8%), individual barriers (12.8%), educational and skill-related barriers (11.6%), spatial and geographical barriers (10.8%), familial barriers (7.9%). Based on the findings, the following recommendations are suggested: government support in simplifying the licensing and insurance processes, developing family and community awareness programs, encouraging male involvement and support for these programs, establishing and strengthening local micro-finance funds, facilitating connections to urban and local markets, and promoting group collaborations.Micro-enterprises provide a significant opportunity for empowering rural women and facilitating their entry into the job market, thereby contributing to household livelihood and poverty reduction within rural areas. For this reason, strengthening small businesses among rural women is of paramount importance as an effective strategy for increasing employment and reducing unemployment. Consequently, the present study was conducted to identify the barriers to micro-enterprises for rural women in Kermanshah Province, using a qualitative approach. Semi-structured interviews served as the data collection tool for this research. Data analysis was performed through qualitative content analysis, based on the textual analysis of interviews with 14 rural women who either currently operate micro-enterprises or are in the process of establishing them. Participants were selected using a snowball sampling method. The results revealed that the main barriers to establishing micro-enterprises for rural women in Kermanshah Province can be categorized into eight groups. These barriers based on the highest percentages associated with the most frequently occurring codes were respectively: cultural and social barriers (16.7%), financial and economic barriers (14.1%), and policy and legal barriers (13.3%), governmental and institutional barriers (12.8%), individual barriers (12.8%), educational and skill-related barriers (11.6%), spatial and geographical barriers (10.8%), familial barriers (7.9%). Based on the findings, the following recommendations are suggested: government support in simplifying the licensing and insurance processes, developing family and community awareness programs, encouraging male involvement and support for these programs, establishing and strengthening local micro-finance funds, facilitating connections to urban and local markets, and promoting group collaborations.https://jead.gau.ac.ir/article_7526_be9ee77c1c565ef899f23403dd9d1817.pdf